ABSTRACT
Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is an important assessment method for examining clinical thinking and clinical skills of medical students. OSCE has been applied in the quarterly phase examination in our department. According to the characteristics of otolaryngology, three stations of common items and five stations for personalized tests were set in the assessment. According to the different training that residents received during their stay in the previous department, different contents were assessed in the station for personalized examination. During the OSCE, residents took turns entering into each examine station and teachers gave scores according to the marking criteria of different station. After the examinations, two-way assessment and feedback were conducted between students and teachers. Through the practice in standardized training of residents in recent years, we found that OSCE was more comprehensive and flexible than others, which gained good application effects.
ABSTRACT
Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is an important assessment method for examining clinical thinking and clinical skills of medical students. OSCE has been applied in the quarterly phase examination in our department. According to the characteristics of otolaryngology, three stations of common items and five stations for personalized tests were set in the assessment. According to the different training that residents received during their stay in the previous department , different contents were assessed in the station for personalized examination. During the OSCE, residents took turns entering into each examine station and teachers gave scores according to the marking criteria of different station. After the examinations, two-way assessment and feedback were conducted between students and teachers. Through the practice in standardized training of residents in recent years, we found that OSCE was more comprehensive and flexible than others, which gained good application effects.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To observe clinical characteristics of 15 cases of laryngeal nonsquamous malignancies.@*METHOD@#The clinical data of 15 patients with laryngeal nonsquamous malignancies were collected. Details about pathology, CT, treatment and follow-up results were carefully taken into account.@*RESULT@#There were more male patients than females while the sex ratio was 4:1. Supraglottic malignancies accounting for 53.33% seemed to be the most common type. In all the 15 patients, 1 patient gave up other treatment except tracheotomy to relieve laryngeal obstruction. Three patients took radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The rest patients underwent surgical procedure after strict endoscopic, radiologic staging. Radiotherapy and (or) chemotherapy were chosen after operation. The follow-up results show that 1 year survival rate was 79.4% and the 3 year survival rate was 57.8%, 5 year survival rate was 27.5% which was not optimistic.@*CONCLUSION@#Being a kind of rare type laryngeal nonsquamous malignancies have difference clinical characteristics with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Laryngeal nonsquamous cell carcinoma have much lower 5 year survival rate and are easier to suffer recurrence and metastasis compared with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Airway Obstruction , Laryngeal Neoplasms , Diagnosis , Pathology , Therapeutics , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Retrospective Studies , Survival RateABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To describe our experience in the clinical manifestation and treatment of malignant tumors of the external and middle ear.@*METHOD@#The study reviewed 39 patients between 1994-2011 in our hospital, including 15 pinna tumors, 18 external canal tumors and 6 middle ear tumors. 23 males and 16 females were enrolled in this study. The mean age of patients at the time of surgery was 59. Radiotherapy or radiotherapy and chemotherapy were the only possible treatment in 6 cases. Thirty-three patients were treated surgically, and 9 patients also received radiotherapy after surgery.@*RESULT@#All of the patients had been followed up over 3 years, except for 1 case of external canal and 1 case of middle ear tumor. The 3-year survival of pinna, external canal and middle ear tumors were 86.7%, 82.4% and 60.0% respectively. At the last follow up, the pinna tumors showed that the survival rate was 100% in T1, T2 and Tx stage, and 0% in T4 stage; the external canal tumors showed that the survival rate was 90% in T1 stage, and 66.7% in T2, T3 stage; the middle ear tumors showed that the survival rate was 100% in T1 and T2 stage, 0% in T3 stage.@*CONCLUSION@#The T staging system is for an important prognostic factor, and it is important for an early diagnosis and radical surgery to achieve a better therapeutical result.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Ear Auricle , Pathology , Ear Canal , Pathology , Ear Neoplasms , Pathology , Ear, Middle , Pathology , Neoplasm Staging , Retrospective Studies , Survival RateABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical values of laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) for evaluating the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) patients with swallowing disorder .Methods A total of 25 ALS patients with or without complaining of swallowing disorder were recruited for the study .Their right cricothyroid muscles were taken unilaterally with concentric needle electrodes by anterior cervical approach .Each patient was tested with Kub-ota drinking test too .Results Of all the 25 patients ,11 were found abnormal in the right cricothyroid muscle which presented with typical degeneration patterns ,15 cases were found abnormal by Kubota drinking test .The coinci-dence rate of the two methods was 60% ,the poisitive coincidence rate was 32% .The McNemar test showed there was some consistency between the drinking water test and LEMG (P=0 .344) ,and the Kappa coefficient was 0 .219 . Conclusion The cricothyroid muscle electromyography may also be a potential method to evaluate ALS patients since it seemed to offer an evidence of dysphagia related with abnormal sensory function of laryngeal mucosa .But there may be some limitations .